Report on 2017 Summer Workshop
Virtual QuarkNet Center Visit: Brookhaven National Laboratory: Physics Department
August 7, 2017 am
Antonio: CERN update accelerator started in May. Next year, there will be a 2-3 year shut down to fix the detector. CERN has the coldest place in the Universe. -2.7 C with liquid Helium. the silicon trackers are currently fried from the high energy, so the 2-3 year shut down to replace parts. so the LHC will not take data in 2019 ir 2020. there will be a high luminosity upgrade in 2024, much farther away. when the LHC was approved in 1989 the technology of the super conducting quadripole magnets was not invented yet. so there are plans at CERN 40-50 years out . They are looking to discover a way for the neutrinos not to create a background problem at higher energy.
CPT T2K, charge, parity, time.
weak interaction violates parity. all electrons were left handed polarized. 0 momentum. active neutrinos are only left handed,
cp violation produces more matter than antimatter.
solar neutrinos change flavor on their way to us from the sun. quarks also to mutate and oscillatate. We may have seen a situation that shows hints of universaility violations
this decay should be produced in a one to one ration should be chose to 1 to 1 ratio, but it is being violated by 25%.
August 7, 2017 pm
Bs (p subshell) meson decaying to mu+ mu-
+/- 1
bs (s subshell) meson decaying to e+ e-
LHC sometimes runs in heavy ion mode. collides gold (RICK) or lead (ALEES). the study is to see what happens when you put lots of quarks and gluons together. qcd studies show it is not a normal proton and neutron plasma, but it produces a quark and gluon plasma soup.
Danielle: What is condensed matter?
Wadness: masterclass overview started today will continue tomorrow
August 8, 2017 am
am: CMS masterclass overview from Wadness, go through activities that are precursors to masterclass. Do the mini masterclass activities.
Practice at I-spy and data set organization w histogram on CIMA collection system.
Presentation from Brookhaven teacher group and their experiences/insights with master class.
Presentation from: Steve Bellavia: The LSST the power point for this presentation has been made available on the Virtual page.
worlds largest survey telescope, mountain in chile 7000 feet
R = 1.2197 lambda/2A R is resolution of smaller objects. So as aperature is larger in the denominator the resolution decreases to be able to resolve (see clearly) a smaller object.
largest lens ever built largest camera ever built. focal plane =-100C ; electronic boards -40C
this telescope is looking for objects very far away, and looking at the milky way or moon would be too bright and damage the sensitive photocells.
mirrors and lens’ are being produced in the lab under the football field at the University of Arizona. Many of the large mirrors and lens’ at astronomies across the globe are made here.
24th magnitude of a single exposure.
what is lsst going to study? takes snapshots very quickly and covers 1/2 the sky in 3 days.
dark matter, dark energy, supernovae, mapping the milky way (will detect about 10 billion stars), near earth objects (neo).
1998 congress mandates discovery of 90% of all neo > 1000 m in diameter by 2008. and more
August 8, 2017 pm
Atlas project presentation by Helio Takai
Majority of nuclei coming to earth from outside universe are protons, but they react in our atmosphere and cause showers of particles. Many pions are produced because they are light and easy to produce. P zeros produce showers of electrons. they also dcay to muons then electrons. detectors are located in mamy places, underground labs, fluorescence detector above ground, ground array of large scintillators, under water or ice, balloons, mariachi project thought that muons could be detected using high energy radar, the telescope was built to detect a muon hit in a high school. 2008 to 2016, it showed more muons in winter contraction of atmosphere makes muons take longer to decay. the small dips in max pattern can be linked to cme timing within the time of the month. You can also overlay the data on the atmospheric pressure at specific time of year. also connected to atmospheric tides of air flow based on warming earth with sunrise. day vs night. more muons at night and in July. Data stability and reliability needs a large area array to be visible and data collected year round.
During our time at Brookhaven, we were in the right place at the right time for a special lecture presentation. Brief outline notes are below.
Sambamurti Memorial Lecture August 7, 2017
Searching for new parti9cles at the LHC: CMS Jim Hirschauer
ehs.utoronto.ca nothing has yet been found smaller than a quark.
success of standard model: discovery of higgs boson 2012
properties of higgs boson collect data into 2030
test standard model at high energy complete…. sort of
precisely measure properties of sm particles
looking for new particles
particle masses
13 TeV
why use high energy collisions
the collider is like a giant microscope
spatial resolution is limited by wavelength of probe.
each proton has 6.5 Tev of energy but the individual energy of the quarks and gluons inside are unknown.
next goal; discover something new.
standard model (sm) has a few problems
dark matter is not described in sm
theoretical concerns with the calculation of the higgs boson mass
sm does not explain its own structure, it is not as cohesive for example as the periodic table of elements. The sm is not nearly as elegant and insightful.
planck satellite measured the difference for mass based on rotation. we know there must be dark ,matter in the center.
supersymetry particles SUSY. gluon has a SUSY particle called Gluino neutrino has a SUSY partner called neutralino
theorists are trying to connect the potential ability to produce those with a low producton rate.
the gluino may be too heavy too see. Low production rate of susy particles.
August 9, 2017 am
Tesla Museum and site experience. Historical artifacts and sequence of experimental results. Very interesting presentation by Rich Gearns of Brookhaven.
Public - accessible to all site users